نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
گروه علوم رفتاری، شناختی و فناوری ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی و تندرستی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Introduction: Refereeing in football requires rapid decision-making under high psychological pressure. Emotional intelligence may influence referees' decision-making by shaping their coping strategies. This study examined the mediating role of problem-focused and emotion-focused coping in the relationship between emotional intelligence and decision-making among male referees of the Iranian Football Premier League.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included all male referees of the Iranian Football Premier League (N = 107), selected via census sampling. Of these, 96 referees (Mage = 36.08 ± 4.55 years) completed the Emotional Intelligence Scale, the Coping with Stress Scale, and the Referee Decision-Making Scale. A parallel mediation model was tested using the PROCESS macro (Model 4, 5,000 bootstrap samples).
Results: Emotional intelligence had a significant positive direct and total effect on decision-making (β = 0.25 and 0.30, p < .01). Emotional intelligence was positively associated with problem-focused coping (β = 0.21, p = .04) but not with emotion-focused coping. Problem-focused coping had a significant positive effect (β = 0.40), and emotion-focused coping a significant negative effect (β = −0.30), on decision-making (both p < .001). Only the indirect effect through problem-focused coping was significant (B = 0.07, 95% CI [0.01, 0.15]); the indirect effect through emotion-focused coping and the total indirect effect were not significant. The model explained 37% of the variance in decision-making.
Conclusion: Emotional intelligence partly improves referee decision-making by strengthening problem-focused coping, a partial underlying mechanism of this relationship; emotion-focused coping did not mediate significantly. The persistent direct effect suggests other pathways are also involved. Training programs strengthening emotional intelligence and problem-focused strategies are recommended for referee development courses.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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