نوع مقاله : مقالات مروری
نویسندگان
1
PhD Student in Motor Behavior, Faculty of International Campus of Kish, University of Tehran, Tehran Iran
2
Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences, Faculty of Sports Sciences and Health, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3
Associate Professor, Department of Sports Pathology and Biomechanics, Faculty of Sports and Health Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
10.22091/frs.2026.14022.1119
چکیده
Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the positive impacts of cognitive, motor, and integrated cognitive-motor interventions on executive functions in adults aged 60 and above, with a focus on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and current meta-analyses.
Methods: Randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews/meta-analyses of executive functioning in healthy older adults or those with MCI or dementia were selected using PRISMA guidelines. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis evaluated source data. To calculate random or fixed-effects effect sizes, Hedges' g was used. Global executive function trumped working memory, inhibitory control, and cognitive flexibility. My heterogeneity was measured. Testing pub bias with funnel plots and other methods. RoB 2, ROBINS-I, and AMSTAR 2 were used in RCTs and quality/risk-of-bias evaluations. Cognitive and motor therapies, especially integrated ones, improve older persons' executive skills. Dual-tasking programs work but require maintenance. High-quality RCTs with longer follow-up and standardized outcomes should guide future research.
Results: Combined cognitive-motor therapies had the greatest impact on executive functioning (P < 0.001). Tai Chi, a motor intervention, showed moderate gains (P < 0.01). Cognitive therapies showed reduced effects (P < 0.05). The study found significant heterogeneity (I² = 65-85%), largely explained by duration (>12 weeks) and intensity (moderate). Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were done as needed. In funnel plots, publication bias was absent. Quality assessments demonstrated [overall/variable] bias in the included studies.
Conclusion: Older adults' executive skills improve with cognitive and motor therapies, especially integrated ones. Dual-task programs perform best, but their durability needs further study.
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
THE EFFECTS OF COGNITIVE AND MOTOR INTERVENTIONS ON EXECUTIVE FUNCTION IN ELDERLY :SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
نویسندگان [English]
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Shabnam Siahmansouri
1
-
Mehdi Shahbazi
2
-
Shahzad Tahmasebi Boroujeni
2
-
Yousef Moghadas Tabrizi
3
1
PhD Student in Motor Behavior, Faculty of International Campus of Kish, University of Tehran, Tehran Iran
2
Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences, Faculty of Sports Sciences and Health, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3
Associate Professor, Department of Sports Pathology and Biomechanics, Faculty of Sports and Health Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]
Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the positive impacts of cognitive, motor, and integrated cognitive-motor interventions on executive functions in adults aged 60 and above, with a focus on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and current meta-analyses.
Methods: Randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews/meta-analyses of executive functioning in healthy older adults or those with MCI or dementia were selected using PRISMA guidelines. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis evaluated source data. To calculate random or fixed-effects effect sizes, Hedges' g was used. Global executive function trumped working memory, inhibitory control, and cognitive flexibility. My heterogeneity was measured. Testing pub bias with funnel plots and other methods. RoB 2, ROBINS-I, and AMSTAR 2 were used in RCTs and quality/risk-of-bias evaluations. Cognitive and motor therapies, especially integrated ones, improve older persons' executive skills. Dual-tasking programs work but require maintenance. High-quality RCTs with longer follow-up and standardized outcomes should guide future research.
Results: Combined cognitive-motor therapies had the greatest impact on executive functioning (P < 0.001). Tai Chi, a motor intervention, showed moderate gains (P < 0.01). Cognitive therapies showed reduced effects (P < 0.05). The study found significant heterogeneity (I² = 65-85%), largely explained by duration (>12 weeks) and intensity (moderate). Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were done as needed. In funnel plots, publication bias was absent. Quality assessments demonstrated [overall/variable] bias in the included studies.
Conclusion: Older adults' executive skills improve with cognitive and motor therapies, especially integrated ones. Dual-task programs perform best, but their durability needs further study.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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Older adults
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Executive function
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Cognitive intervention
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Motor intervention
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Meta-analysis
)